Mu myaka yashize, ijambo Autism ryakunze kumvikana cyane mu biganiro by’ubuzima n’uburezi hirya no hino ku Isi. Nubwo abantu benshi baryumva, hari abatarasobanukirwa neza icyo ari cyo n’ingaruka igira ku mibereho y’abayifite.
Autism, izwi kandi nka Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), ni imiterere yihariye y’imikurire y’ubwonko igaragara cyane mu bwana, ikagira ingaruka ku buryo umuntu avugana, asabana n’abandi ndetse n’uburyo yakira amakuru aturutse mu bidukikije.
Abahanga mu by’ubuzima bavuga ko autism atari indwara yandura cyangwa iterwa n’imyitwarire y’umuntu, ahubwo ari imiterere y’ubwonko ituma abantu bayifite bagaragaza imyitwarire n’ubushobozi bitandukanye n’iby’abatari bayifite.
Kimwe mu biranga abafite autism ni uguhura n’imbogamizi mu mibanire n’itumanaho. Hari abana bashobora gutinda kuvuga, abandi bakagira ikibazo cyo gusobanukirwa amarangamutima y’abandi cyangwa gukoresha ibimenyetso bisanzwe by’itumanaho nk’amaso n’ibimenyetso by’umubiri.
Abafite autism kandi bashobora kugaragaza imyitwarire isubirwamo kenshi, nko gukunda gukora igikorwa kimwe inshuro nyinshi, gukurikiza gahunda ihoraho cyangwa kugira inyungu zikomeye ku ngingo runaka kurusha izindi.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, autism ntabwo igaragara kimwe ku bantu bose. Hari abayifite bashobora kwiga, gukora no kubaho mu buzima busanzwe badakeneye ubufasha bwinshi, mu gihe abandi bashobora gukenera ubufasha bwihariye mu bikorwa bya buri munsi.
Impamvu nyakuri itera autism ntiramenyekana neza kugeza ubu, ariko ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko hari uruhare rw’uturemangingo tw’izungura (genes) ndetse n’ibindi bintu bifitanye isano n’imikurire y’ubwonko mbere yo kuvuka cyangwa mu gihe cya mbere cy’ubuzima.
Abaganga bagaragaza ko gutahura autism hakiri kare ari ingenzi kuko bituma umwana ahabwa ubufasha bukenewe bwamufasha guteza imbere ubushobozi bwe. Ubufasha burimo imyitozo yo kuvuga, kwigishwa uburyo bwo gusabana n’abandi ndetse n’inyigisho zihariye zifasha umwana kwiteza imbere.
Mu gihe nta muti uvura autism burundu uraboneka, impuguke zemeza ko ubufasha bukwiye n’inkunga y’umuryango bishobora gutuma abafite iyi miterere bagira ubuzima bwiza kandi bakabasha kugera ku ntego zabo.
Muri iki gihe, ibihugu byinshi bikomeje gushyira imbaraga mu bukangurambaga bugamije gukuraho imyumvire mibi ikigaragara kuri autism no guteza imbere kwakira no guha amahirwe angana abayifite.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko gusobanukirwa autism no kubaha uburenganzira bw’abayifite ari imwe mu nzira zifasha kubaka sosiyete idaheza, aho buri wese ahabwa amahirwe yo kugaragaza impano n’ubushobozi bwe hatitawe ku miterere y’ubwonko bwe.
