Umuti wa PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) ni umwe mu buryo bugezweho bukoreshwa mu gukumira kwandura Virusi itera Sida (HIV), cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kuyandura. Abahanga mu by’ubuzima bagaragaza ko ukoreshwa neza ushobora kugabanya cyane amahirwe yo kwandura ako gakoko.
Ni nde wemerewe gukoresha PrEP?
Kugira ngo umuntu atangire gukoresha umuti wa PrEP, ni ngombwa kuba afite ibiro biri hejuru ya 35. Byongeye kandi, asabwa kubanza kuganira na muganga, akamugira inama ndetse akabanza gufatwa ibipimo byemeza ko ataranduye HIV.
Uko PrEP igomba gufatwa
Mbere yo gutangira gufata PrEP, umuntu agirwa inama yo kubanza kubiganiriza muganga, bikajyana no kwisuzumisha harebwa niba nta HIV afite. Iyo atangiye kuwukoresha, asabwa kujya ahura na muganga buri mezi atatu, harebwa uko umuti uri kumugiraho ingaruka, agafatwa ibipimo byo kureba niba atandura HIV, ndetse agakomeza kuganirizwa ku bijyanye n’imikoreshereze myiza yawo.
Uwukoresha kandi asabwa gusobanurirwa uko yakwisuzuma (self-testing) ndetse n’izindi serivisi z’ubuvuzi zitangirwa kuri telefoni, byunganira guhura na muganga imbonankubone.
Mu gihe bidashoboka guhura na muganga imbonankubone, ntacyo bitwaye ko uwukoresha akoresha serivisi z’ubuvuzi zitangirwa kuri telefoni cyangwa izindi nzira z’ikoranabuhanga zirimo kwandikirana, ndetse akaba yanakwisuzuma.
Iyo ushaka guhagarika PrEP
Iyo umuntu ufashe PrEP akeneye kuwuhagarika, yaba bitewe n’ingaruka umuti wamuteye, kutabasha gukurikiza amabwiriza awugenga, cyangwa kuba ibyago byo kwandura HIV byaragabanutse bitewe n’impinduka zabaye mu buzima bwe, agirwa inama yo kubiganiriza muganga. Muganga ni we umufasha guhitamo ubundi buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda butamubangamiye.
Uwahagaritse gufata PrEP akifuza kongera kuwukoresha, asabwa kongera kugana muganga, akabanza gufatwa ibipimo byemeza ko nta HIV iri mu maraso ye.
Ibyitonderwa ku ikoreshwa rya PrEP
Abahanga mu by’ubuzima bagaragaza ko PrEP ari umuti mwiza ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura HIV, ariko si byiza kuwukoresha mu masaha 72 umuntu amaze kwandura ako gakoko. Icyo gihe, agirwa inama yo kuganira na muganga hakarebwa ubundi bufasha yahabwa.
Hari n’abifashisha PrEP mu buryo budahoraho, nko mu gihe bagiye gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye. Muri ubwo buryo, umuntu ashobora gufata ibinini bibiri mu masaha 24 mbere yo gukora imibonano, nyuma y’amasaha 24 akanywa ikindi kimwe, hanyuma nyuma y’andi masaha 24 akanywa ikindi. Icyakora, abahanga bavuga ko hakiri gukorwa ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ngo hamenyekane neza urwego rw’ubwirinzi ubu buryo butanga.
Aho PrEP iboneka n’umubare w’abayikoresha mu Rwanda
Umuti wa PrEP uboneka muri za farumasi zitandukanye mu gihugu, mu mavuriro, mu bigo nderabuzima ndetse no mu bitaro biwuha abawukeneye. Kugeza ubu, mu Rwanda habarurwa abantu bari hagati ya 5,000 na 5,500 bakoresha uwo muti.
PrEP ikomeje gufatwa nk’intambwe ikomeye mu rugamba rwo kurwanya ikwirakwira rya Virusi itera Sida, by’umwihariko mu bihugu biri gushyira imbaraga mu gukumira aho kuvura gusa.
